What is a panic attack?

A panic attack is characterized as a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions when there is no real danger or apparent cause. Typically, these episodes can emerge unexpectedly and may include symptoms such as heart palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, or feelings of impending doom.

This definition underscores the abruptness and intensity of the experience, which is distinct from other anxiety-related conditions. For example, a long-term state of anxiety refers to more chronic feelings of unease and apprehension but does not capture the sudden onset characteristic of a panic attack. Similarly, a mild state of nervousness suggests a less severe emotional response that lacks the overwhelming sensations found in a panic attack. Alternatively, avoidance behavior relates to actions taken to prevent exposure to anxiety-provoking situations, but it does not encapsulate the acute and immediate nature of panic attacks.